Cutting big pieces of copper laminate

When I was working I had access to a guillotine to snap out large pieces of copper laminate to convenient sizes for project breadboards. Being retired I no longer have this method to hand. SO, I asked a question on the GQRP Yahoo group this evening to find out what other people did. Several suggestions but the favourite is "scoring and snapping", summarised by the post from Duncan G4DFV which I have reproduced below.

"My method of cutting large pieces of copper laminate:-

• Place a steel rule along a previously drawn line on the board where you require to cut.
• Pressing down firmly on the rule, using a stanley or other utility knife, score along the line.
• Repeat the scoring in the same cut for perhaps 10 times, then
• looking at the edges of the board, you will see each point where the
• scoring starts and finishes. 
• Carefully mark these points over on to the other side of the board and  
• place the rule exactly along a line between these points and score as before.
• After about 10 scorings, place the board on a flat surface such that the
• scored line is on a straight edge.
• Holding the board down with one hand, press down over the straight edge with the other.
• The board should break cleanly along the scored line.
• Any uneven/rough edge can be smoothed with sandpaper.

Duncan G4DFV"

Tenbox TX progress

Good progress today with the transmit side of my Tenbox 10m AM transceiver.

The series  modulator was breadboarded a few days ago, so today I built the 3rd overtone oscillator, the buffer and the modulated PA stage. Results were as expected with around 50-60mW of clean well modulated AM available at the output. With a single linear amplifier with around 10-13dB gain (easy at 29MHz) this will take me into the 500mW-1W carrier level, which is my design aim. As I did not have a suitable 29.05MHz crystal (anyone know where these can be obtained cheaply?) I used a 28.500MHz one on a dummy load. With this frequency, any range tests will have to be done at night to avoid QRM to SSB stations.

When the linear is added , maybe even before then, I'll do a local "drive around" test with the TX on "speech beaconing" mode (using an MP3 file on the PC) and with the RX attached to a mag-mount antenna on the car. This will establish the useable local coverage.  Assuming this power level is OK, I'll then complete the full design on a tidy breadboard and publish the initial schematics on my blog and website. After that, a PCB may be in order and a neat enclosure.

This project is great fun: a simple, straightforward and easily reproducible design and a project that will be useful at the end. Much more fun than working DX with 400W and a 5 el beam in a contest with a £5k commercial HF transceiver.  Honestly, I'm having a real ball with this.

10/20W versions of popular transceivers

In the Japanese home market, several of the transceivers available in the USA and Europe are available in lower power versions too. For example, the IC7000 is available as a 50W version and a 20W version. Prices aren't always lower though. For example on the www.icom.jp site, the IC7000S (20W) is available at 168000 yen, the same price as the 100W radio.

The reason these lower power radios are not available outside of Japan is clear: lack of sales volumes and lack of the necessary approvals. It is a pity that the major dealers like W&S and Martin Lynch don't offer to import these on request though if they met EMC specs as I can imagine a reasonable market with QRPers with a bit of advertising: they have enough space in RadCom and PW after all!

How to avoid expensive calls to 0870 numbers

The website http://www.saynoto0870.com/ is a useful resource in the UK if you are looking for a lower cost, or even free, way to contact companies such as Virgin Media or Dell where an expensive 0870 call make be needed.  I get infuriated when big companies keep me waiting on an expensive call saying things like, "your call is important to us" then waste the next several minutes with drivel.

Most of these alternative numbers get in "via the back door" and work on the assumption that you will be transferred internally to the correct department. It may not always work, but if you want to save a few pounds it is worth a go.

CQWW CW - guess who forgot!

Julian G4ILO has posted a piece on his excellent blog about the CQWW DX CW contest this weekend. Well, yesterday was my wife's birthday and we had family here and today I did my tax return. In the process I managed to miss this contest completely! For some reason I thought it was NEXT weekend. Never mind, there will be other occasions to work the DX.

The hazards of LF operating

On the LF reflector there was a salutary message from Mike G3XDV today.  Doing some 136kHz tests overnight his loading coil caught fire melting his flat roof extension!

LF amateur radio can be very dangerous as extremely high voltages and/or high currents can be generated with even quite modest powers because of the electrically short antennas. This is one reason why I stick to QRP(ish) powers on 136 and 500kHz.

See Mike's post:

Damage to the G3XDV loading coil ....and roof! See http://g3xdv.blogspot.com

"I am currently off the air following my loading coil catching fire and damaging the house. I have had to take my mast down to allow access to the builders who are repairing the damage. Fortunately I was insured.

Hopefully I will be able to receive before Christmas and transmit again some time in January.

Details and pictures are on my blog at:http://g3xdv.blogspot.com

Mike, G3XDV"

This picture (linked from Mike's blog) shows the damage.It begs the question of how readily will an insurance company pay up when an amateur installation fails?

More 10m (28MHz) Projects

With the Tenbox coming along just fine - I should have a completed breadboard version on-air this week - I am beginning to think that I could spend nearly all my free time designing different ideas for this, my favourite, band!

Here is just a brief list of some of my 10m ideas (all do-able with some time):

• 10m QRP AM transceiver (Tenbox)
• 10m QRP DSB transceiver
• 10m pocket SSB/CW "holiday" receiver
• 10m mixer-VFO controlled CW transceiver
• 10m compact portable antennas for mobile and hand-portable
• 10m VXO controlled QRP TX
• 10m phasing SSB transceiver (10W)
• 10m beacon RX
• 10m test box (power meter, ATU, SWR bridge, FS/mod meter)
• Modules for 10m rigs (VXO, mixer-VFO, LPF, TX strip, DC RX, AM modulator, audio power amp etc)

Now, as I like to do so many different things in this exciting hobby - including on-air operating some times! - it is unlikely all these will get done anytime soon.

What occurs to me, if I had the time, is that a mini-series in a magazine like PW or RadCom entitled "Ten Projects for Ten Metres" would be a nice idea. 10m is one of the best bands for homebrewing as layout is not too critical, as long as sensible RF rules are followed, antennas are small, superb DX is possible in the better years and Es DX possible for 4-5 months every year, local ranges are useful for nattering across town. All in all, this band has SO much to offer.

A 2m AM calling frequency

At the recent RSGB Spectrum Forum Meeting (Nov 3rd 2012) the ongoing matter of an AM calling/working frequency was raised. At issue is why our national society, which is there to help and support ordinary experimenters like you or I, seems to be totally against putting a 2m AM frequency properly in the UK band plan. 144.55MHz is the frequency of choice.

This is what appeared in the minutes:

"7.7 G-QRP
Report accepted

Listing of an AM centre of activity frequency in the Band Plans
It was noted that this has been raised previously with no success. It was suggested that a “custom and practice” approach would be the only way of moving forward i.e. identify a frequency, use it and make it known."

Excuse me dear Spectrum Forum members, but this is stupid!  You have centre frequencies for all manner of other modes, but not AM. So, why not just print these words in the bandplan? :-

144.55MHz   AM calling frequency and centre of AM activity

I am not one to get easily irritated, but the RSGB stance on 2m AM is beyond belief.

Taxing times

Today I'd planned to finish the breadboard TX of the Tenbox 10m AM transceiver and do some range tests locally. The plan was to put the TX on at home with a PC voice recording and drive around with the FT817 and the Tenbox super-regen to see what sort of range was reliably possible.

Instead, I started to do my annual HM Revenue and Customs tax return, a task I hate doing as so much form filling is needed and lots of bits of paper have to be found in order to fill it all in. I do mine online, so the deadline is the end of Jan 2013. Starting at about 10am it took me until 4pm to complete, not because of the complexity of my affairs particularly, but because I couldn't find all the bits of data I needed. On their website they have a nice picture of a guy smiling away whilst filling in his form online. I spent about 6 hours pulling what little hair I have left out!  A reminder that the deadline for online self-assessment tax returns in the UK is Jan 31st 2013, or you get a fine.

Anyway, job done. Yet again I owe money - why do they never owe me money? - and will pay up in the next few weeks. So, a boring, tedious, annual task done and this week I can return to the interesting amateur radio project stuff.

Simple TRF based AM radio ICs

Many years ago when my sons were little I made them a couple of Medium Wave AM radios using just a ZN414 3-pin TRF receiver IC. It worked very well considering how simple the circuit was using just a small ferrite rod antenna and a crystal earpiece. This IC is no longer available but there are other similar parts available such as the MK484. Although I have not tried one of these as an IF stage I have no doubt they could be useful in simple rigs like the Tenbox currently under development. The advantages over a super-regen would be selectivity. These devices have input impedances of around 4Mohm so if a ceramic filter was to be used ahead of the IC a step-up transformer would be needed to minimise loss. As they only work to around 3-4MHz they would only be suitable as an IF in the Tenbox 10m AM transceiver.

A useful page I've just found on how to get the best from these simple ICs is http://theradioboard.com/best-of-the-best/mcgillis-mk484.htm.  The datasheet for the MK484 is available here.

A page showing the use of the MK484 as an IF stage in a simple 160m RX is  http://www.vk6fh.com/vk6fh/mk484radios.htm . See also http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qdlXVKOITe4. I am told that a similar design appears in 'Radio Projects for the Amateur' Volume 4 by Drew Diamond VK3XU. 

I'm still likely to stick with a very simple super-regen RX in the Tenbox - they ARE the best in the intended application - but I may make it in a modular form so that different TX strips and RX strips can be used and compared.  I can see a whole series of simple AM designs in the pipeline, HI.